The dangers of smoking and vaping are well documented. But how, specifically, do these habits change your risk of contracting COVID-19? And if you do become ill, how will your experience differ from that of a non-smoker or non-vaper? Ravi Chopra, MD, of Marshall Pulmonology has answers to common questions.

A: Not surprisingly, studies have shown that those who smoke or vape are at a higher risk for catching COVID-19. In fact, people who vape are five to seven times more likely to catch it than those who don’t smoke or vape. This higher risk is due to an increased number of receptors in the lungs where the virus attaches, which happens when lung tissue is exposed to nicotine.

A: Once a person who smokes or vapes contracts COVID-19, the respiratory symptoms will be more severe and the damage to the lungs greater than in non-smokers. They’ll have more complications and will take longer to recover. Lung tissue is very fragile; membranes are thin enough for oxygen molecules to pass through into the blood stream. Some of the symptoms of COVID-19 can cause scarring in the lungs, which is worse for those who smoke or vape. This scarring can cause coughing, shortness of breath and reduce oxygenation of the blood, requiring the use of supplemental oxygen. While some of this scarring will heal over time, for some the need for supplemental oxygen could be lifelong. 

If you need help to quit smoking or vaping, there are lots of free resources online. Over-the-counter aids such as nicotine gums, lozenges and patches will ease the cravings as you try to change your habits. You can also make an appointment with a Marshall primary care provider, who can prescribe medications to help you quit. To find a doctor, visit marshallmedical.org or call 530-622-1441.